Insect information: Types of insect species

Insects are the most diverse group on earth. They play a crucial role in ecosystems but can also be pests. Some insects, like butterflies and bees, are beneficial pollinators. Others, such as cockroaches, termites, and mosquitoes, can cause harm and spread diseases. Read and learn how to identify insects and manage pest issues effectively.

Insect identification and key characteristics

Understanding an insect's appearance, body structure, and unique traits is essential for proper identification and insect control.

What do insects look like?

Insects belong to the class Insecta, a subgroup of Arthropoda, and have distinct physical features. They have three body sections: the head, thorax, and abdomen. They all have six legs, two antennae, and an exoskeleton that protects their bodies. 

Many species, like moths, flies, and beetles, have wings, while others are wingless, such as silverfish. Centipedes and millipedes are arthropods, but they aren't insects. They have more than six legs and several body segments. Recognizing these differences is important for proper insect identification.

These are the main insects that we encounter as part of our pest control services. From household pests to garden helpers, these common insect species can be found in the US, each with unique behaviors and habitats.

Other common insect species in the US

What you need to know about insects

Learning about insect habitats, lifecycles, and diets can help you identify and manage pest problems effectively.

Insect habitats

Insects are highly adaptable and found in almost every environment, from forests and grasslands to urban areas. Some, like bees and wasps, build nests, while others, such as termites, create underground colonies. Moist environments attract pests like cockroaches, fleas, and silverfish, while outdoor species like butterflies and pollinators thrive in gardens.

Lifecycle of insects

Insects go through different forms of development depending on the species. Some creatures go through complete metamorphosis. They start as an egg, then become a larva, followed by a pupa, and finally an adult. This happens in species of butterflies, beetles, and moths. Others, like true bugs and cockroaches, experience incomplete metamorphosis. They hatch from eggs as nymphs and slowly grow into adults.

Diet of insects

Insects have varied diets. Some, like aphids, feed on plant sap, while predators, such as ground beetles, eat other insects. Cockroaches and flies scavenge for decaying organic matter, while mosquitoes and fleas rely on the blood of other animals.

Why are insects a problem?

Insects play a vital role in ecosystems, but when they invade homes, businesses, and agricultural spaces, they can become a serious problem. From spreading diseases to damaging property and contaminating food, many insects pose significant risks to human health and well-being. Understanding these threats highlights the importance of effective pest control measures.

Health risks to humans

Some insects transmit diseases that pose serious health risks. Mosquitoes spread illnesses like malaria, Zika virus, and West Nile virus. Fleas carry plague bacteria. Cockroaches can trigger allergies and asthma, especially in children. This makes insect control vital for a healthy living space.

Damage to property

Certain insects can cause significant property damage. Termites feed on wood, weakening the structure of homes. Silverfish and moths damage books, clothing, and upholstery by feeding on natural fibers. Carpenter ants create tunnels in wood, potentially leading to structural issues. If left untreated, these pests can lead to costly repairs.

Agricultural and garden destruction

Farmers and gardeners frequently deal with insect infestations that threaten crops. Aphids, caterpillars, and beetles feed on leaves and stems, reducing plant growth. Grasshoppers and moths can devastate entire fields if left unchecked. Effective pest management is crucial for protecting crops and maintaining food supplies.

Contamination of food

Insects can contaminate food and stored goods. Flies transfer bacteria from decaying matter to human food, increasing the risk of illness. Pantry pests like meal moths and weevils lay eggs in dry goods, leading to contamination. Proper food storage and hygiene help prevent infestations.

Nuisance and discomfort

Even when they do not cause direct harm, insects can be a major nuisance. Large infestations of boxelder bugs, ants, or wasps can make indoor and outdoor spaces uncomfortable. Their presence can be distressing, and professional pest control may be necessary to remove them effectively.

Frequently asked questions