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Common types of mice species

Mice are nocturnal creatures and are rarely seen by homeowners. This can make the job of identification quite difficult. They often forage for food at night or during dusk, when most of the other residents of the house are asleep. Even if homeowners do catch a sight of their mouse invader, it may only be for a split second, and not enough to identify the species.

Are you wondering, "Why do I get mice in my house?" Mice often enter homes searching for food, warmth, and shelter, particularly as temperatures drop. Understanding the factors that attract them can help in preventing future issues.

Luckily, Ehrlich’s pest experts have the expertise and know-how to help with identification, which will help to establish the right control method for your home or business and your particular mouse species.

Need help identifying which species of mouse is in your house? Call Ehrlich at 800-837-5520.

Some species of mice are more commonly found in homes than others. If you've noticed signs of mice in the bedroom, basement, or other areas, it could help confirm an infestation. There are certain characteristics you can look for to identify the mice on your property. Alternatively, you may wish to learn more about common signs of mice to confirm if you do actually have a problem.

There are many different types of mice present in the U.S. The top three species considered to be a major pest in this country are the house mouse, deer mouse, and the white-footed mouse.

A house mouse sitting on a stone paving slab eating seeds

House Mouse

(Mus musculus)

House mice are active all year round, which means you could find them invading your home or business at any time.

  • Size: 2.76 – 3.74 inches long, with a tail around the same length.
  • Weight: 0.42 – 1.06 oz
  • Their relatively small feet and head and large eyes and ears distinguish them from a young brown rat (Rattus norvegicus).

  • Four to 16 young per litter; seven to eight litters a year.
  • Gestation period of about three weeks.
  • Eight to 12 weeks from birth to sexual maturity.

  • Usually ground living and burrowing, but often climbs.
  • Preferred food is cereals.
  • They will eat around 0.1 oz. of food a day and can survive without any additional water.
  • They will drink up to 0.1 fluid oz. a day if their diet is particularly dry.
A deer mouse on a white surface

Deer Mouse

(Peromyscus maniculatus)

Deer mice, or field mice, are pests that prefer to live in wooded areas. They will, however, venture into homes, sheds, and outbuildings during the winter months to seek warmth. They can be destructive to wood structures as well as carrying with them a number of potential health concerns, particularly hantavirus. This disease is often transmitted through contact with mouse carcasses, or by breathing airborne urine droplets from infected deer mice.

Deer mice are nocturnal and spend their days in cup-shaped nests made of stems, leaves, and fibrous materials. Nests are lined with feathers or shredded cloth and can be found in tree hollows, fence posts, abandoned squirrel and bird nests, and the underside of logs and rocks. In homes, deer mice construct nests in low-activity areas such as basements, attics, garages, and crawl spaces. Deer mice do not hibernate and may invade homes during winter months, seeking shelter in storage boxes, wall voids, and upholstered furniture.

  • Size: adult head and body 2.75 to four inches long; Tail two to five inches long.
  • Weight: About 0.38 - 1.25 oz.
  • Pale grayish, buff coloring to reddish brown on top and sides. White fur on the belly.
  • The tail is usually bi-colored and is very long, longer than half the length of the body and covered with short hair.

  • Field mice usually live between two to 14 months, but some in captivity have been known to live five to eight years.
  • The female gestation period is usually 21-24 days and females have three to five young in each litter. They also have two to four litters per year.
  • The young will reach sexual maturity in seven to eight weeks.

  • Field mice are nocturnal, coming out at night to find food.
  • They feed at dusk and dawn and tend to prefer insects, seeds, nuts, and berries.
  • They are excellent climbers and will be found in even upper levels of structures like in attics and upper floors.
  • During colder months deer mice will seek shelter inside and will enter buildings during that time.
  • They are one of the leading carriers of the hantavirus, which can be very dangerous to humans.
A white-footed mouse standing on a piece of bark

White-Footed Mouse

(Peromyscus leucopus)

The white-footed mouse can be found in the eastern U.S. from mid-Maine south to North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama, and west to Montana, Colorado, and Arizona.

  • The white-footed mouse is a relatively small rodent with a combined head and body measurement of just three and half to four inches.
  • Not surprisingly, the feet are white, and so is the belly. The upper parts of their body are grayish to reddish-brown and the tail is the same two colors.

  • White-footed mice are born hairless and blind.
  • Fur begins to develop within the first few days.
  • Eyes typically open around two weeks after birth.
  • They reach independence at around three to four weeks.
  • Sexual maturity is usually reached by seven to eight weeks.

  • Homes located near forests and brushlands, or bordering agricultural lands, may be at risk from this rodent.
  • White-footed mice are nocturnal creatures and build their nests in concealed areas.
  • They feed primarily on fruits, nuts, seeds, and small insects.
  • When they become frightened, white-footed mice will drum their front feet.

Dealing with mouse infestations

Mice can create serious problems. Ehrlich mouse control services can help with practical solutions to protect your home or business from rodents. Our pest control methods may involve trapping or bait stations. Our technicians are well-trained and will make sure the appropriate method is used to eliminate the infestation.

Seeing mice?

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Signs of a mouse infestation

Spotting early signs of a mouse infestation can help you act fast. Look for droppings, especially in kitchen cabinets or drawers. You might also notice gnaw marks on food packaging, skirting boards, or furniture. Scratching or scampering sounds in the walls at night are another common indicator.

Another clear sign is the presence of nests made from shredded paper, fabric, or insulation. If you see greasy rub marks along baseboards or small footprints in dusty areas, these could be clues, too. If you notice any of these issues, it's time to explore your options for rodent control.

Why species identification matters for control

Knowing the type of mouse in your home is important. Different mouse species have different habits and lifecycles, which means the control method also varies. For example, house mice tend to stay inside year-round, while deer mice and white-footed mice typically only enter homes in colder months.

Proper identification helps target the issue at the source. Whether you're dealing with one of the more common mice species or a less typical mouse type, Ehrlich technicians use their expertise to select the proper treatment. Learn more on our mouse control services page.

Knowing the different types of mice also helps prevent future infestations. Some types of mice prefer secluded spots outdoors while others thrive indoors. Understanding their behaviors allows our team to implement the right solutions.

When to contact a professional

If you notice signs of mice or aren't sure what kind of mouse species you're dealing with, it’s best to call in help. DIY methods might offer temporary relief, but they often fail to address the root cause.

Ehrlich’s experienced technicians can inspect your property, identify the types of mice, and recommend the best solution for your situation. Remember, an unchecked mouse infestation can get worse fast. For long-term protection, contact one of our professional exterminators.

For more details on mouse dangers, control, and prevention, visit our pages: How to get rid of mice and Are mice dangerous?

Frequently asked questions

The most common mouse types in U.S. homes include the house mouse, deer mouse, and white-footed mouse. These mouse species are known for their adaptability and can thrive in both rural and urban environments.

Deer mice are typically found in rural or wooded areas but can enter homes during colder months. They are nocturnal, nesting in hidden spots like attics and crawl spaces. They can be a health risk due to their potential to carry hantavirus.

If you notice droppings, gnaw marks, or strange noises at night, you might be dealing with a mouse infestation. While DIY efforts may offer temporary control, long-term solutions often require professional support. For expert help with rodent control, consider contacting a professional exterminator.

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